<hdr>The World Factbook 1994: Argentina<nl>Economy</hdr><body>
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<item><hi format=bold>Overview:</hi> Argentina is rich in natural resources and has a highly literate population, an export-oriented agricultural sector, and a diversified industrial base. Nevertheless, following decades of mismanagement and statist policies, the economy in the late 1980s was plagued with huge external debts and recurring bouts of hyperinflation. Elected in 1989, in the depths of recession, President MENEM has implemented a comprehensive economic restructuring program that shows signs of putting Argentina on a path of stable, sustainable growth. Argentina's currency has traded at par with the US dollar since April 1991, and inflation has fallen to its lowest level in 20 years. Argentines have responded to the relative price stability by repatriating flight capital and investing in domestic industry. Growth slowed somewhat in 1993 but Argentina still registered an impressive 6% advance, fueled largely by inflows of foreign capital and strong domestic consumption spending. The government's major short term objective is encouraging exports, e.g., by reducing domestic costs of production. Much remains to be done in the 1990s in dismantling the old statist barriers to growth and in solidifying the recent economic gains.
<item><hi format=bold>National product:</hi> GDP—purchasing power equivalent—$185 billion (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>National product real growth rate:</hi> 6% (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>National product per capita:</hi> $5,500 (1993 est.)
<item>• <hi format=ital>consumption per capita:</hi> 1,559 kWh (1992)
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<item><hi format=bold>Industries:</hi> food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel
<item><hi format=bold>Agriculture:</hi> accounts for 8% of GDP (including fishing); produces abundant food for both domestic consumption and exports; among world's top five exporters of grain and beef; principal crops—wheat, corn, sorghum, soybeans, sugar beets
<item><hi format=bold>Illicit drugs:</hi> increasing use as a transshipment country for cocaine headed for the US and Europe
<item><hi format=bold>Economic aid:</hi>
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<item>• <hi format=ital>recipient:</hi> US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.4 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $718 million
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<item><hi format=bold>Currency:</hi> 1 nuevo peso argentino=100 centavos